README for Expanded War Data, version 2.1

Kristian Skrede Gleditsch (ksg@essex.ac.uk)
This version: 1 May 2013


Brief comments on data:

These data extend the expanded war data described in Gleditsch (2004)
up to 2010. Please note that all ongoing wars are coded with enddate 
31/12/2004. 

As explained in Gleditsch (2004), the list generates a list of interstate and 
civil wars consistent with the Gleditsch and Ward (1999) list of independent 
states. In particular, it includes interstate wars and civil wars involving 
states in this list not included in the COW system membership list before 1920, 
as the states involved did not have diplomatic representation from the UK or France. 
Gleditsch and Beardsley (2010) provides an overview of some of the differences
for identification of wars arising from differences in the identification of states.

The list of wars is based largely on the COW 4.0 war data as well as information
on conflicts not included discussed by Small and Singer (1982). Conflicts after 2007 
have been updated based on the UCDP/PRIO Armed Conflict Dataset v.4-2011. 

References:

Gleditsch, Kristian S., and Michael D. Ward. 1999. 
	A Revised List of Independent States Since 1816. 
	International Interactions 25 (4):393-413.
Gleditsch, Kristian Skrede. 2004. A Revised List of Wars Between and 
	Within Independent States, 1816-2002. International 
	Interactions 30 (4):231-262.
Gleditsch, Kristian Skrede, and Kyle C. Beardsley. 2010. Core Issues in 
	International Data Collection. In International Studies Association 
	Compendium of International Studies, Volume 17: Scientific Study of International Processes 
	(SSIP), edited by P. F. Diehl and J. Morrow. New York: Wiley-Blackwell.








The archive expwar_v2.1.zip containes the following files

exp_iw.asc:		List of interstate wars	
-----------------------------------------------
This contains the following variables

warid:		Numeric war identifier
warname:	Name of conflict
sdate:		Start date
edate:		End date
newcow:		War number in the COW v4.0 data
cow94*:		War number in the 1994 COW data (Small & Singer 1982) 
cow00*:		War number in the v3.0 COW data (Small & Singer 1982) 
oldwid*:		War ID in the 1.52 Expanded War Data (and earlier) 

* See table below for an explanation of codes used in these fields

exp_iwpart.asc:		Interstate war participants and attribute data
----------------------------------------------------------------------
warid:		Numeric war identifier
warname:	Name of conflict
statenum:	Numeric state id code
stateacr:	State acronym id code
sdate1:		Startdate of conflict
edate1:		Enddate of conflict
sdate2:		Date conflict restarted (NA if no second outbreak)
sdate2:		Date restarted conflict ended (NA if no second outbreak)
side:		Side of conflict (1 if side A, 2 if side B)
deaths:		Estimate of number of battledeaths
outcome:	War outcome for participant
			(1 = on winning side, 2 = on losing side, 
			3 = compromise/tie, 4 = war transformed into another type,
			5 = ongoing at end of period,
			6 = stalemate, 7 = conflict continues below war level
			8 = party changed sides)
initiate:	Did state "initiate" war (1 if yes, 2 = no) 
newcow*:	War number in v4.0 COW data
cow94*:		War number in the 1994 COW data (Small & Singer 1982) 
cow00*:		War number in the v3.0 COW data (Small & Singer 1982) 
oldwi*:		War ID in the 1.52 Expanded War Data (and earlier) 




exp_cw.asc:		List of civil wars (including "extra-state" wars)	
-----------------------------------------------
This contains the following variables
warid:		Numeric war identifier
warname:	Name of conflict
sdate:		Start date
edate:		End date
newcow*:	War number in the 2001 COW data
oldcow*:	War number in the 1994 COW data
warname:	Name of conflict
years:		Range of years


exp_cwpart.asc:		Civil war participants and attribute data
----------------------------------------------------------------------
warid:		Numeric war identifier
cownum*:	War number in the 2001 COW data
warname:	Name of conflict
statenum:	Numeric state id code
statenum:	State acronym id code
startyear1:	Startdate of conflict
endyear1:	Enddate of conflict
startyear2:	Date conflict restarted (NA if no second outbreak)
endyear2:	Date restarted conflict ended (NA if no second outbreak)
deaths:		Estimate of number of battledeaths
intnl:		Is the war internationalized?
outcome: 	War outcome for participant
	1 - Side A wins
	2 - Side B wins
	3 - Compromise
	4 - The war was transformed into another type of war
	5 - The war is ongoing as of 31 December 2010 (based on UCDP)
	6 - Stalemate
	7 - Conflict continues at below war level


Codes in newcow/oldcow/warid fields
--------------------------------------  
IS-XXX	Conflict classified as interstate war no. XXX
ES-XXX	Conflict classified as extra-state war no. XXX
CW-XXX	Conflict classified as intra-state war no. XXX
NA	Conflict is not in the COW war data


Revision history: 

5 May 2013		added civil wars classified as non-state for countries not in cow list

25 March 2013		various missing old ids added, plus additional deaths estimates

10 January 2012		documentation expanded

28 December 2011	first release of version 2.0, with major revisions

29 November 2004	exp_cw.asc changed so that all subsequent periods 
				now appear as separate rows. All other files
				are identical to the 1.1 release

1 December 2005		exp_cwpart.asc: Numeric country code for United Provinces
				of Central America corrected for one entry
			exp_cwpart.asc: changed to elminate duplicate entries for countries 
				listed with multiple periods in exp_cw.asc. All other files
				are identical to the 1.1 release

25 January 2006		Conflicts updated through 2004, based on the Uppsala data (wars only)

24 April 2007		Conflicts updated through 2005, based on the Uppsala data (wars only)

17 May 2007		Revisions to ensure consistency with new Uppsala data for post 1997 period

23 May 2007		Participant file corrected for Nepal 2003

